Square Root Calculator
Get the decimal square root and, for whole numbers, the simplified radical form used in algebra and geometry.
Square root of x
What a square root is
The square root of x is the number that, multiplied by itself, gives x. Every positive number has two square roots, one positive and one negative; the symbol √ means the positive (principal) one.
√x = y ⇔ y² = x, y ≥ 0
Simplifying a radical
Simplify √72
- Find the largest perfect square that divides 72: 36
- √72 = √(36 × 2) = √36 × √2
- √36 = 6
√72 = 6√2 ≈ 8.4853
Estimating without a calculator
Find the perfect squares either side: 8² = 64 and 9² = 81, so √72 is between 8 and 9 and a little closer to 8. Linear interpolation gives 8 + 8/17 ≈ 8.47, close to the true 8.4853.
Negative numbers
No real number squared is negative, so √−9 is not real. In complex numbers it is 3i, where i = √−1. The calculator shows this form for negative inputs.